Adhan
Call to prayer. From the same root, MuŽaddhin. (One who makes the call to
prayer).
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Hadith
Saying; report; account. The sayings of the Prophet Muhammad, as recounted
by his household, progeny and companions. These are a major source of Islamic
law.
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Ihram
The state or condition of strict discipline entered into to perform Hajj
and Umrah. During this period, many normally permitted actions are placed
out of bounds to pilgrims. Also, the name of the two plain white unsewn
cloths worn by male pilgrims to indicate the brotherhood, equality and purity
of the pilgrim. For women, the dress of ihram consists of their normal modest
clothing.
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Allah
The Islamic name for God in the Arabic language. Used in preference to the
word God, this Arabic term is singular, has no plural, nor is it associated
with masculine, feminine or neuter characteristics. (See Quran 2:255, 112:1-4)
Pronounced Al-laah.
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Hajj
Annual pilgrimage to Makkah, which each Muslim must undertake at least once
in a lifetime if he or she has the means. A Muslim male who has completed
Hajj is called Hajji or Al-Hajj, and a female, Hajjah.
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Imam
Leader. A person who leads the communal prayer; a founder of an Islamic
schools of jurisprudence. In ShiŽah Islam, Imam is also the title of Ali
and his successors.
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Allahu
Akbar
Allah is the greatest.
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Halal
Any action or thing which is permitted or lawful.
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Isa
Jesus. A Prophet of Allah, born of the virgin Mary.
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Arafat
A plain, a few kilometres from Makkah, where pilgrims gather to worship
pray and ask for forgiveness. This takes place on the ninth day of the Islamic
month of DhulHijjah, the day before Id-ul-Adha.
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Haram
Anything unlawful or forbidden.
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Islam
Peace attained through willing obedience to Allahs divine guidance. Pronounced
Isslaam.
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Bilal
The first MuŽadhin of Islam (see Adhan), a companion of Prophet Muhammad,
formerly an Abyssinian slave.
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Hijab
Veil. Often used to describe the headscarf or modest dress worn by women,
who are required to cover everything except face, hands and feet in the
sight of anyone other than immediate family.
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Jibril
Gabriel. The archangel who delivered Allahs messages to His Prophets.
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Bismillah
In the name of Allah phrase spoken prior to every action/deed.
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Hijrah
Departure; flight; migration. The migration of the Prophet Muhammad and
his companions from Makkah to Madinah in 622 CE. The Islamic calendar commences
from this event.
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Jihad
Personal individual struggle against evil in the way of Allah. It can also
be collective defence of the Muslim community.
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Dawud
David. A prophet of Allah to whom the Zabur (Book of Psalms) was given.
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Ibrahim
Abraham. A Prophet of Allah to whom the Scrolls were given.
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Jinn
Being created by Allah from fire.
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Din
Life transaction or religion of Allah transaction between every being
and Allah. Pronounced deen.
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Id
Happy occasion shared by all the community
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KaŽbah
A cube-shaped structure in the centre of the grand mosque in Makkah. The
first house built for the worship of the One True God.
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DuŽa
Varying forms of personal prayer and supplication.
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Id
ul Adha
Celebration of the sacrifice, commemorating the Prophet Ibrahims obedience
to Allah and his willingness to sacrifice his son IsmaŽil.
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Makkah
(Mecca)
City where the Prophet Muhammad pbuh was born, and where the KaŽbah is located.
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Fard
Obligatory duty according to divine law, e.g. offering Salah five times
a day.
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Id
ul Fitr
Celebration of the completion of the fast of Ramadan, which is also the
first day of Shawal, the tenth Islamic month |
Masjid
Place of prostration. Mosque. |
Ghusl
Greater ablution. Formal washing of the whole body prior to worship (see
wudu) |
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